Falsification of the Torah
In various periods of history, divine books were sometimes subjected to wrong interpretations and to deliberate changes on their script. The Torah has also faced various interventions by those who believe in it. According to what Qur'an states, the Jews deliberately misinterpreted their own book. (Baqarah, 2/75; Nisa, 4/46; Ma'idah, 5/13, 41) With misinterpretations or equivokes, they diverted the meaning of divine words and changed the decrees that did not fit their desires.
The Jewish holy book took its present form approximately five centuries before Prophet Muhammad (saw). In the time of the Prophet Muhammad (saw), Jews misinterpreted this falsificated Torah text again. Various examples are given in the Qur'an regarding these misinterpretations. For example, Jews believed that they would not be responsible for the injustice towards people of other religions by distorting information in their book. As a result, some of the Jews despised the Arabs, who did not have a holy book, and claimed that they could use their property without justification, and therefore would not have any sins. Qur'an rejects this understanding and states that it has no place in religion. (Al-i Imran, 3/75-76) Similarly, another Jewish belief that the Qur'an rejects is their claim that they will spend "a few days" in Hell. (Baqarah, 2/80) Their saying of "We are the children of Allah and His beloved." (Ma'idah, 5/18) is another example of their falsification of interpretation. With these words, they saw themselves as the masters of the world and believed that Allah (swt) had put other nations under the order of the Jews.
As for the falsification of the text of the Torah, it happened before the Prophet Muhammad (saw), if not at the time of Him. Because the contradictions between the Qur'an and the Torah invalidate the view that the text has not been corrupted, only interpretation has been tampered with. Studies on the Bible in the West have revealed that today's Torah is not authentic and original, and that it was written by different people over time. (Baki Adam, “Tevrat”, DİA, XLI, 40-45)
On the other hand, it is not right to claim that the entire Torah got corrupted because the Qur'an describes itself as confirmatory of previous books. (Al-i Imran, 3/3; Ma'idah, 5/48; Fâtır, 35/31)Also, Prophet Muhammad (saw) ordained“ You neither confirm nor deny the People of the Book (Jews)". (However) say: we believe in what sent down to us, and what sent down to you.” (Bukhari, I’tisam, 25) The expression of the Prophet Muhammad (saw) also means that not all of these books have been tampered with. As a matter of fact, it can be seen that today's Torah contains some provisions belonging the true religion. These are virtues such as faith in the existence and oneness of Allah (swt), tawakkul, gratitude, fear of Allah (swt), love of Allah (swt), justice, patience, mercy, and being against persecution. Some parts of the Torah that can be evaluated within this framework are as follows:
“Do not pervert justice; do not show favoritism to the great, but judge your neighbor fairly. Do not go about spreading slander among your people. Do not do anything that endangers your neighbor's life. I am the Lord. Do not hate your brother in your heart... Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against one of your people, but love your neighbor as yourself. I am the Lord.”(Leviticus,19/15-17)
“He has shown you, O man, what is good; and what does the Lord require of you But to do justly, To love, mercy, and to walk humbly with your God?" (Micah, 6/8)
“You shall not murder. You shall not commit adultery. You shall not steal. You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor. You shall not covet your neighbor’s house...” (Exodus, 20/13-17)
With the revelation of the Qur'an, the provision of the Torah, which had been largely falsificated, was abolished. Even if there are some parts of the Book that are intact, it is impossible to identify them. The definite theological provisions in the religion of Allah (swt) and other necessary information are stated in the Qur'an. As the last divine book, the Qur'an has remained far from human intervention/falsification. For this reason, Qur'an is the only measure that will determine how much and which parts of the previous divine books, especially the Torah, have been falsificated. Only the content of the Torah which is verified by the Qur'an and authentic hadiths can be accepted as correct. Therefore, in order to be able to decide on the authenticity of the Torah and other books, it is necessary to take a look at whether it is in accordance with the message and spirit of the Qur'an.
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